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"A concerning increase in colorectal cancer incidence among younger individuals (ie, younger than 50 years; defined as young-onset colorectal cancer) has been documented since the mid-1990s," first author Kimmie Ng, MD, MPH,said in a press release. "With 11% of colon cancers and 15% of rectal cancers in 2020 occurring among patients younger than 50 years, compared with 5% and 9%, respectively, in 2010," added Ng, who is the director of the Young-Onset Colorectal Cancer Center at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute.
While the majority of young-onset CRC diagnoses and deaths occurs in persons 45 to 49, the rate of increase in young-onset CRC is actually steepest in the very youngest patients. Colon cancer incidence is increasing by 2% per year in 20 to 29-year-olds, compared with 1.3% in 40 to 49-year-olds. Rectal cancer incidence is increasing by 3.2% per year in 20 to 29-year-olds and 30 to 39-year-olds, versus 2.3% in 40 to 49-year-olds.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most preventable cancers, due to a relatively long progression period. With the availability of screening tests that can intercept and detect the disease early, overall incidence of CRC in individuals 50 years of age and older has declined steadily since the mid-1980s.
The causes of the increase in young-onset CRC aren't currently known, however, lowering the recommended age to begin screening will make millions more people in the US eligible for colorectal cancer screening. The task force recommendation means that insurers will be required to cover preventive procedures such as colonoscopies and stool tests designed to detect colon cancer in early stages.
Sources: Dana Farber Cancer Institute press release and JAMA "US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendations for Colorectal Cancer Screening"
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