Saturday, April 9, 2022

Researchers think they now know how exercise reduces bowel cancer risk

CANCER DIGEST – April 9, 2022 – It has long been known that exercise reduces the risk of colorectal cancer, but the biological mechanism for how it does that has been unknown, until now. 

Researchers at Newcastle University in the UK believe they have identified the exercise-released substance that affects cancer. Their study first appeared online Feb. 25, 2022 in the International Journal of Cancer.

In a small proof-of-concept study, 16 men aged 50-80 who had lifestyle risk factors for colorectal cancer, such as obesity and sedentary lifestyle, gave blood samples at enrollment in the study. The participants then spent 30 minutes on an exercise cycle at moderate intensity. Another blood sample was taken immediately after the exercise and then later before and after resting.

The blood samples were then added to bowel cancer cells in the lab and cell growth was monitor for 48 hours. The result was that the cancer cells mixed with the blood samples taken immediately after exercise slowed compared to cells mixed with the at-rest blood samples.

When the team, led by Dr. Sam Orange, a lecturer in Exercise Physiology at Newcastle University, analyzed the differences in the blood samples they found that the post-exercise blood had 
24.6% higher levels of a cancer-fighting protein called IL-6 compared to levels in the at-rest blood samples.

“When exercise is repeated multiple times each week over an extended period, cancer-fighting substances - such as IL-6 - released into the bloodstream have the opportunity to interact with abnormal cells, repairing their DNA and reducing growth into cancer,” Dr. Orange said in a press release. "Our findings are really exciting because they reveal a newly identified mechanism underlying how physical activity reduces bowel cancer risk that is not dependent on weight loss."

The team intends to carry out further research to identify exactly how exercise reduces DNA damage in early-stage cancers and to establish the most effective form of exercise for protecting against the disease.



Sources: Newcastle University press release and International Journal of Cancer


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